The Life and Work of Howard S. Becker

Howard S. Howie Becker is an American sociologist renowned for his qualitative research into the lives of those otherwise classified as deviant, and for revolutionizing how deviant behavior is studied and theorized within the discipline. The development of the subfield focused on deviance is credited to him, as is  labeling theory. He also made significant contributions to the sociology of art. His most notable books include  Outsiders  (1963),  Art Worlds  (1982),  What About Mozart? What About Murder?  (2015).  Most of his career was spent as a professor of sociology at Northwestern University.   Early Life Born in 1928 in Chicago, IL, Becker is now technically retired but continues to teach and write in San Francisco, CA, and Paris, France. One of the most prolific living sociologists, he has about 200 publications to his name, including 13 books. Becker has been awarded six honorary degrees, and in 1998 was given the award for Career of Distinguished Scholarship by the American Sociological Association. His scholarship has been supported by the Ford Foundation, the Guggenheim Foundation, and the MacArthur Foundation. Becker served as President of the Society for the Study of Social Problems from 1965-66, and is a lifelong jazz pianist. Becker earned Bachelors, Masters, and Doctorate degrees in sociology from the University of Chicago, studying with those considered a part of the Chicago School of Sociology, including Everett C. Hughes, Georg Simmel, and Robert E. Park. Becker himself is considered a part of the Chicago School. His career in studying those considered deviant began thanks to his exposure to marijuana smoking at Chicagos jazz bars, where he regularly played piano. One of his earliest research projects focused on marijuana use. This research fed into his widely read and cited book  Outsiders, which is considered one of the first texts to develop labeling theory, which postulates that people adopt deviant behavior that breaks social norms after they have been labeled deviant by others, by social institutions, and by the criminal justice system. Importance of His Work The importance of this work is that it shifts analytic focus away from individuals and to social structures and relations, which allows for the social forces at play in producing deviance to be seen, understood, and changed, if need be. Beckers groundbreaking research resonates today in the work of sociologists who study how institutions, including schools, use racial stereotypes to label students of color as deviant problems that must be managed by the criminal justice system, rather than in-school punishment. Beckers book  Art Worlds  made important contributions to the subfield of the sociology of art. His work shifted the conversation from individual artists to the whole field of social relations that make the production, distribution, and valuation of art possible. This text also proved influential to the sociology of media, media studies, and cultural studies. Another important contribution that Becker made to sociology was to write his books and articles in an engaging and readable way that made them accessible to a wide audience. He wrote prolifically also on the important role that good writing plays in disseminating the results of sociological research. His books on this topic, which also serve as writing guides, include  Writing for Social Scientists,  The Tricks of the Trade, and  Telling About Society. Learn More About Howie Becker You can find much of Beckers writing on his website, where he also shares his music, photos, and favorite quotes. To learn more about Beckers fascinating life as a jazz musician/sociologist, check out this in-depth 2015 profile of him in  The New Yorker.

The Appeal of Senior Essay Topics

The Appeal of Senior Essay Topics When you're crafting the lengthy essay outline you should make certain that it not too broad or too specific so you can center on the crux of the issue. The last write-up ought to be concise with firm language. Some folks, however knowledgeable they are in a subject, are just not great test takers. The matter of the simple truth is there is not any normal length for IB extended essay but the perfect length is regarded as around four thousand. The Basics of Senior Essay Topics You Will be Able to Benefit From Starting Right Away There are many topics to pick from that it's difficult to understand where to get started. If you wish to ease your tension of trying to find hours and hours for easy essays topic selection then you've reached at the appropriate place. Your child is going to learn how to plan, organise and produce ideas. There are instances when you're assigned with the topic but more frequently, you'll have to create a topic on your own. There's well-known that you won't have the ability to compose a fantastic insightful research paper if you're not interested in the subject overall and in this issue specifically. You must find the proper resources for your essay together with patience when finding the correct inspiration to write. Another fantastic resource may be the training course book, read it and receive all the info in the world about your topic for elongated essays. The entire research should be constructed around or from the subject. Understanding Senior Essay Topics Nobody really wishes to compose an essay. The essay isn't a work of specialized research, but the lengthened pursuit of a tricky question in dialogue with an amazing author. There should be a proper sequence for the SAT essay, keep in mind that it should be divided into several paragraphs where each should be structured in accordance with the importance. You must understand completely that you're not writing a descriptive essay. What you aspire to teach your reader will choose the sort of your essay. You are able to write on anything on the planet from bill Clinton to smoking hazard, but at the conclusion of the essay if your essay isn't clear and understandable then there isn't any use of writing, so make sure you're writing an essay that's easy yet intriguing. You ought to be certain to understand everything clearly once you go for an essay topic. So far as essay structure goes, a 4 or 5 paragraph essay based on the number of points you might want to argue is a superb start. How to Choose Senior Essay Topics When you're in high school, it's definite that you're expected to do a few write-ups and projects which require pen and paper. Projects should provide substantial chance for interdisciplinary work on environmental troubles. Research papers are trying, but in addition they have the capacity to be somewhat rewarding. Writing research papers is a wearying procedure, and even more so whenever you do n't have a predetermined topic. The gateway to an excellent future for the campus and that's the reason why we plan to visit college. In the past few years, there has become the debate on whether seniors should have to take finals. On our site you will discover a great deal more useful one of a kind information that will certainly be practical for junior and higher school kids from, like common home task essay about Hamlet, together with, for instance, application essays for college for future students. For young individuals switching from high school to college is an extremely crucial step in students' lives as a result of great change they need to undergo as a way to be successful at obtaining their degree. High school is reportedly four unforgettable decades. The first goals I had before starting the class should happen to finish the class, to expand my understanding and to choose whether to pursue childcare for a career. Unfortunately, students have so few opportunities which they don't even understand the things that they care about. The scores are among the most significant of my career in high school. The product of my project is going to be printed photos I have taken over the course of my undertaking. Senior year has taught me that I am able to handle myself pretty well in the true world. When you achieve your senior year at high school it is the right time to stop for a minute and think seriously about your present position and the future. Do not be scared to conduct a comprehensive research.

The Return Midnight Chapter 5 Free Essays

â€Å"I thought you wanted to get out so we could talk to Damon,†Stefan said, stil hand in hand with Elena as she made a sharp right turn onto the rickety stairway that led to the second-floor rooms and, above that, to Stefan’s attic. â€Å"Wel , unless he kil s Matt and runs I don’t see what’s to keep us from talking to him tomorrow.†Elena glanced back at Stefan and dimpled. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Midnight Chapter 5 or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"I took your advice and thought a little about the two of them. Matt’s a pretty tough quarterback and they’re both only human now, right? Anyway, it’s time for your dinner.† â€Å"Dinner?†Stefan’s canine teeth responded automaticaly – embarrassingly quickly – to the word. He real y needed to have a word with Damon later and make sure Damon understood his place as a guest at the boardinghouse – nothing more – but it was true, he could do that tomorrow. It might even be more effective tomorrow, when Damon’s own pent-up rage was spent. He pressed his tongue against his fangs, trying to force them back down, but the smal stimulation caused them to sharpen, nicking his lip. Now they were aching pleasantly. Al in response to a single word: dinner. Elena threw him a teasing glance over her shoulder and giggled. She was one of those lucky females with a beautiful laugh. But this was a clearly mischievous giggle, straight from her wicked, scheming childhood. It made Stefan want to tickle her to hear more; it made him want to laugh with her; it made him want to grab her and demand to know the joke. Instead he said, â€Å"What’s up, love?† â€Å"Someone has sharp teeth,†she responded innocently, and giggled again. He lost himself in admiration for a second and also suddenly lost hold of her hand. Laughing like a musical cascade of white water over rock, she ran up the stairs ahead of him, both to tease and to show him what good shape she was in, he thought. If she had stumbled, or faltered, she knew he would decide that her donation of blood was harming her. So far it didn’t seem to be damaging any of his friends, or he would have insisted on a rest for that person. But even Bonnie, as delicate as a dragonfly, hadn’t seemed to be the worse for it. Elena raced up the stairs knowing that Stefan was smiling behind her, and there was no shadow of mistrust in his mind. She didn’t deserve it, but that only made her more anxious to please him. â€Å"Have you had your dinner?†Stefan asked as they reached his room. â€Å"Long ago; roast beef – cooked.†She smiled. â€Å"What did Damon say when he final y realized it was you and looked at the food you’d brought?† Elena made herself giggle again. It was al right to have tears in her eyes; her burns and cuts hurt and the episode with Damon justified any amount of weeping. â€Å"He cal ed it bloody hamburger. It was steak tartar. But, Stefan, I don’t want to talk about him now.† â€Å"No, of course you don’t, love.†Stefan was immediately contrite. And he was trying so hard not to seem eager to feed – but he couldn’t even control his canines. And Elena was in no mood to dal y either. She perched on the bed, careful y unwinding the bandage Mrs. Flowers had just wound on it. Stefan suddenly looked troubled. Love – He stopped abruptly. What? Elena finished with the bandage, studying Stefan’s face. Well – shall I take it out of your arm instead? You’re already in pain and I don’t want to fool with Mrs. Flowers’s anti-tetanus treatment. There’s still plenty of room around it, Elena said cheerful y. But a bite on top of those cuts†¦He stopped again. Elena looked at him. She knew her Stefan. There was something he wanted to say. Tell me, she pressed him. Stefan final y met her eyes directly, and then put his mouth close to her ear. â€Å"I can heal the cuts,†he whispered. â€Å"But – it would mean opening them again so they can bleed. That wil hurt.† â€Å"And it might poison you!†Elena said sharply. â€Å"Don’t you see? Mrs. Flowers put heaven knows what on them – â€Å" She could feel his laughter, which sent warm tingles down her spine. â€Å"You can’t kil a vampire so easily,†he said. â€Å"We only die if you stake us through the heart. But I don’t want to hurt you – even to help you. I could Influence you not to feel anything – â€Å" Once again, Elena cut him off. â€Å"No! No, I don’t mind if it hurts. As long as you get as much blood as you need.† Stefan respected Elena enough to know that he shouldn’t ask the same question twice. And he could hardly restrain himself any longer. He watched her lie down and then stretched out beside her, bending to get to the green-stained cuts. He licked gently, at first rather tentatively, at the wounds, and then ran a satiny tongue over them. He had no idea how the process worked or what chemicals he was stroking over Elena’s injuries. It was as automatic as breathing was to humans. But after a minute, he chuckled softly. What? What? Elena demanded, smiling herself as his breath tickled. Your blood’s laced with lemon balm, Stefan replied. Grand mama’s healing recipe has lemon balm and alcohol in it! Lemon balm wine! Is that good or bad? Elena asked uncertainly. It’s fine – for a change. But I still like your blood straight the best. Does it hurt too much? Elena could feel herself flush. Damon had healed her cheek this way, back in the Dark Dimension, when Elena had, with her own body, protected a bleeding slave from a whiplash. She knew Stefan knew the story, and must know, each time he saw her, that the almost-invisible white line on her cheekbone had been stroked just this gently into healing. Compared to that, these scratches are nothing, she sent. But a sudden chil went through her. Stefan! I never begged your pardon for protecting Ulma at the risk of not being able to save you. Or, worse – for dancing while you were starving – for keeping up the society pretense so we could get the Twin Fox key – Do you think I care about that? Stefan’s voice was mock-angry as he gently sealed one cut at her throat. You did what you had to in order to track me – find me – save me – after I’d left you alone here. Don’t you think I understand? I didn’t deserve the saving – Now Elena felt a smal sob choke her. Never say that! Never! And I suppose – I suppose I knew you would forgive me – or I would have felt every jewel I wore burning like a brand. We had to chase you down like a fox with hounds – and we were so scared that a single misstep could mean you’d be hanged†¦or we would be. Stefan was holding her tightly now. How can I make you understand? he asked. You gave up everything – even your freedom – for me. You became slaves. You – you – were â€Å"Disciplined†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Elena asked wildly, How do you know that? Who told you? You told me, beloved. In your sleep – in your dreams. But, Stefan – Damon took the pain for me. Did you know that? Stefan was silent a moment, then responded, I†¦see. I didn’t know that before. Scenes strewn from the Dark Dimension bubbled in Elena’s mind. That city of tarnished baubles – of il usive glitter, where a whiplash that spread blood across a wal was as much celebrated as a handful of rubies strewn on the sidewalk†¦. Love, don’t think about it. You followed me, and you rescued me, and now we’re here together, Stefan said. The last cut closed, he lay his cheek on hers. That’s all I care about. You and I – together. Elena was almost dizzily glad to be forgiven – but there was something inside her – something that had grown and grown and grown during the weeks she was in the Dark Dimension. A feeling for Damon that was not just the result of her need for his help. A feeling that Elena had thought Stefan understood. A feeling that might even change the relations between the three of them: her, Stefan, and Damon. But now Stefan seemed to assume that everything would return to the way it was before his kidnapping. Oh, wel , why fret about tomorrow when tonight was enough to make her weep with joy? This was the best feeling in the world, the knowledge that she and Stefan were together, and she made Stefan promise her over and over that he would not ever leave her on another quest again, no matter how briefly, no matter what the cause. By now, Elena could not even focus on what she had been worried about before. She and Stefan had always found heaven in each other’s arms. They were meant to be together forever. Nothing else mattered now that she was home. â€Å"Home†was where she and Stefan were together. How to cite The Return: Midnight Chapter 5, Essay examples